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1. Calculate corrected VARIANCE for each sample (NOT STANDARD DEVIATION)

Table for Sample 1: X, X-M, (X-M)^2;
s^2X = ∑(X-M)^2 / N - 1

Table for Sample 2: Y, Y-M, (Y-M)^2;
s^2Y = ∑(Y-M)^2 / N - 1

2. POOL the variances -- take an average of the two sample variances while accounting for any differences in the sizes of the two samples -- this is an estimate of the common population variance

dƒx = N -1
dƒy = N - 1
dƒtotal = dƒx + dƒy

s^2 pooled = (dƒx / dƒtotal) s^2X + (dƒy / dƒtotal) s^2Y

3. convert the pooled variance from squared standard deviation (variance) to squared standard error (another version of variance) by dividing the pooled variance by the sample size, first for one sample and then again for the second sample -- THESE ARE THE ESTIMATED VARIANCES FOR EACH SAMPLE'S DISTRIBUTION OF MEANS

s^2Mx = S^2 pooled / Nx
s^2My = S^2 pooled / Ny

4. add the two variances (squared standard errors), one for each distribution of sample means, to calculate estimated variance of the distribution of differences between means

S^2 difference = s^2 Mx + s^2 My

5. Calculate the square root of this form of variance (squared standard error) to get the estimated standard error of the distribution of differences between means

s difference = √s^2 difference

MAIN DIFFERENCE FOR INDEPENDENT SAMPLES T-TESTS is that we have kept all calculations as variances rather than standard deviations

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What does it mean when it says conducting at test for independent?

The t-test for independent means requires that there is no overlap between the two groups in the research design. This is what we mean by "independent means". In this design, we collect data from two separate samples.

What is an independent t

What is the purpose of Independent sample t-test? It is used when you have two samples that are not related to one another and you want to see of there is a difference between the means of the two populations form which the samples are drawn.

What is the definition of independent samples quizlet?

What is an independent samples t test? -An independent sample t test is a two group study where each participant is in only ONE group. -The scores of each group are INDEPENDENT of each other.